Acid-Base Neutralization

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Calculate the exact amounts for a complete neutralization reaction (equivalence point).

Reaction Components

Acid (H⁺ Donor)

Acid Volume (Va)

Acid Molarity (Ma)

Base (OH⁻ Donor)

Base Volume (Vb)

Base Molarity (Mb)

Equivalence Result

Base Volume (Vb)50.0000

Stoichiometric Balance

At equivalence, Moles H⁺ from Acid = Moles OH⁻ from Base

About this calculator

Overview

Neutralization is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react quantitatively with each other. In a reaction in water, neutralization results in there being no excess of hydrogen or hydroxide ions present in the solution. For complete neutralization, the number of moles of H+ provided by the acid must exactly equal the number of moles of OH- provided by the base.

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Pro Tips

n is the number of H+ (for acids) or OH- (for bases) ions produced per molecule.
Molarity (M) is moles per liter (mol/L).
If using Normality (N), set n = 1 since N = n × M.
The salt formed might not be neutral (pH 7) if one component is weak.

Fun Facts

"Titration is the analytical process of performing a neutralization to find an unknown concentration."
"Your stomach produces HCl (pH ~1.5) and uses bicarbonate to neutralize it when it enters the small intestine."
"Bees use formic acid in stings; wasps use alkali. Vinegar (acid) helps for wasp stings, while baking soda (base) helps for bee stings."
"The oceans are slowly becoming more acidic due to CO2 absorption, making neutralization by natural carbonate buffers harder."

Formula: n_a \cdot M_a \cdot V_a = n_b \cdot M_b \cdot V_b