Model the cyclical dynamics of predator-prey populations.
Parameters
Constants
Population Dynamics
Active Prey0.0pop
Active Predators0.0pop
Prey Range25 - 42range
Predator Range0 - 54range
About this calculator
Quick Reference
Original Paper1925/1926
StabilityNeutrally stable
Overview
The Lotka-Volterra equations describe the dynamics of biological systems in which two species interact, one as a predator and the other as prey. The populations fluctuate in a regular cycle.
💡
Pro Tips
Try the 'Stable' preset to see a classic balanced ecosystem cycle.
Switch to 'Phase Orbit' to visualize the limit cycles of the populations.
Adjust the 'Prey Birth Rate (α)' to see how fast reproduction affects stability.
!
Fun Facts
"The equations were independently proposed by Alfred J. Lotka in 1925 and Vito Volterra in 1926."
"These non-linear differential equations are a pair of first-order, non-linear, ordinary differential equations."
"The model makes several simplifying assumptions, such as the prey population having ample food at all times."
