Calculate the bias of an estimator relative to the true parameter value.
Estimator Properties
Analysis Results
0.0500
Absolute Bias
The systematic error of the estimator.
Relative Bias (%)5.00%
Targeting Visualization
About this calculator
What is Bias in Statistics?
Bias is the difference between an estimator's expected value and the true value of the parameter being estimated. An estimator with zero bias is called an 'unbiased estimator'. Bias represents systematic error, as opposed to random variance.
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Pro Tips
Accuracy consists of both bias and precision (variance).
Mean Squared Error (MSE) = Variance + Bias².
Just because an estimator is unbiased doesn't mean it's the 'best'; sometimes a biased estimator has much lower variance.
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Fun Facts
"The 'Sample Variance' formula uses (n-1) in the denominator specifically to make the estimator unbiased."
"Selection bias occurs when the individuals selected for a study are not representative of the population."
"Confirmation bias is a cognitive bias where people favor information that confirms their existing beliefs."
