Audit numerical datasets for natural conformity using leading digit analysis.
Data Audit
Tip: Numbers can be separated by spaces, commas, or newlines.
Audit Formula
P(d) = log₁₀(1 + 1/d)
This formula predicts the probability of a number starting with digit d.
Audit Results
Conformity Score29.8%Highly Irregular Pattern
First Digit Distribution
Observed
Expected
Digit 141.7%
Digit 216.7%
Digit 38.3%
Digit 416.7%
Digit 50.0%
Digit 68.3%
Digit 70.0%
Digit 88.3%
Digit 90.0%
12 Samples Analyzed
About this calculator
Overview
Benford's Law, also known as the Law of First Digits, states that in many naturally occurring collections of numbers, the leading digit is likely to be small. For example, the digit 1 appears as the first digit about 30% of the time.
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Pro Tips
Works best with large datasets covering several orders of magnitude.
Financial data (expenses, stock prices) usually follows Benford's Law.
Assigned numbers like ZIP codes or telephone numbers will not follow this law.
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Fun Facts
"Forensic accountants use this to catch tax evasion and voter fraud."
"First observed by Simon Newcomb in 1881 when he noticed worn pages in logarithm books."
"If a set of 'random' numbers doesn't follow this curve, it's a huge red flag for manipulation."
"Humans often pick digits equally when faking data, violating this natural law."
