Calculate allele and genotype frequencies within a population using the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model.
Population Observe
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
0.4523
p (Dominant)
0.5477
q (Recessive)
Genotype Ratios
Homo. Dom20.5%
Heterozy.49.5%
Homo. Rec30.0%
Genotype Frequency Distribution
About this calculator
Overview
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.
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Pro Tips
p represents the frequency of the dominant allele in the pool.
q represents the frequency of the recessive allele.
In a population in equilibrium, p + q must always equal 1.0.
p² + 2pq + q² = 1.0 represents the total population distribution.
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Fun Facts
"The principle was independently derived by G.H. Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg in 1908."
"Assumptions include: No mutation, random mating, no gene flow, large population, and no selection."
"Deviations from equilibrium suggest evolutionary forces (like drift or selection) are acting."
"This model acts as a 'null hypothesis' for detecting evolution."
