Calculate energy levels, radii, and velocities for any single-electron atom or ion.
Atomic Parameters
Example ions:
Calculation Results
Enter Z and n to calculate
About this calculator
Quick Reference
Bohr Radius (a0)0.529177 Å
Rydberg Energy13.6057 eV
1 Å10^-10 m
Fine Structure Constant (α)~1/137
Overview
This calculator uses the Bohr model to predict the properties of single-electron systems like H, He+, Li2+, etc. While the Bohr model is an approximation, it provides accurate energy levels for these species.
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Pro Tips
Atomic number Z is the number of protons (e.g., H=1, He=2, Li=3).
Principal quantum number n must be a positive integer (1, 2, 3...).
Higher n means the electron is further from the nucleus and less tightly bound.
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Fun Facts
"The electron in a hydrogen atom's ground state travels at roughly 0.7% the speed of light."
"90% of the atoms in the universe are hydrogen atoms."
"The energy is negative because the electron is 'trapped' by the nucleus; 0 eV means the electron is free."
