Quantum Number Calculator

Determine the possible states of an electron in an atom based on quantum numbers.

Principal Quantum Number

Principal (n)

Allowed Quantum States

Enter a valid principal quantum number (1-10)

About this calculator

Quick Reference

nPrincipal (1, 2, ...)

lAzimuthal (0 to n-1)

mlMagnetic (-l to +l)

msSpin (+1/2, -1/2)

Overview

In quantum mechanics, four quantum numbers are required to describe the state of an electron in an atom fully.

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Pro Tips

Fun Facts

"No two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers (Pauli Exclusion Principle)."
"The value of n determines the size and energy level of the orbital."
"The value of l determines the shape of the orbital (s, p, d, f)."

Formula: Electrons = 2n²