Calculate flow rate through an orifice or nozzle using Torricelli's Law.
Flow Parameters
m
m
Calculation Results
Enter parameters to calculate flow
Quick Reference
QVolumetric Flow Rate
CdDischarge Coefficient
AOrifice Area
gGravity (9.81 m/s²)
hFluid Head
Overview
Orifice flow describes the flow of a fluid through a restricted opening. This calculator uses the standard orifice equation derived from Bernoulli's principle.
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Pro Tips
Cd accounts for the contraction of the jet (vena contracta) and friction losses.
The head (h) is the vertical distance from the fluid surface to the center of the orifice.
Q = Cd × A × √(2gh)
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Fun Facts
"Torricelli's Law was discovered by Evangelista Torricelli in 1643."
"The velocity of a fluid leaving an orifice is the same as it would be if it fell freely from the surface."
"Orifice plates are commonly used in industry to measure flow rates in pipes."
